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社会需求决定着价值的分配与使用,马克思的相关论述对于研究我国当前的社会产品价值的分配和使用问题仍然具有指导意义。在此基础上,我国的国内生产总值的规模增大和结构变化的基础性原因在于货物与服务的净出口、资本形成总额和最终消费支出这三大需求的拉动。在国民收入初次分配问题上,要注意处理好职工与企业、企业与国家的关系,兼顾国家、企业和居民利益。在国民收入再分配问题上,不仅要重视马克思主义经典作家的论述,还要运用好相关杠杆和机制。在国民收入超分配问题上,要量力而行,不搞大量的财政赤字,不搞过量的货币发行,不搞通货膨胀,严格控制价格的非结构性上升。
Social needs determine the distribution and use of value, Marx’s relevant discourse on the study of China’s current social product distribution and use of value remains instructive. On this basis, the fundamental reason for the increase in the size of China’s GDP and the structural change lies in the three major demands of net exports of goods and services, total capital formation and final consumption expenditure. On the issue of the initial distribution of national income, attention should be paid to handling the relations between workers and enterprises, enterprises and the state, taking into account the interests of the state, enterprises and residents. On the issue of the redistribution of national income, we should not only attach importance to the discussion of the classic Marxist writers, but also apply the relevant levers and mechanisms. On the question of the over-allocation of national income, we should do our utmost not to engage in large-scale fiscal deficits, not to engage in excessive currency issuances, to refrain from inflation and to strictly control the unstructured rise in prices.