论文部分内容阅读
公私观念构成了中国人行动逻辑的深层基础,而公私差异生成了中国人行动逻辑的特殊主义特性。在“差序格局”与“伦理本位”的社会生活中,“天下为公”的理想、“大公无私”的品格、“崇公抑私”的手段所衍生的“公”的观念却始终是一种基于私人关系的圈层意识,无法超越“一己之私”的范畴,故而思想界多有诟病。在漫长的历史中形成并积淀扎根在中国人的文化心理结构中的公私观念,对于国人之公共参与行为、公民精神培育的影响,首先表现在对国人参与公共事务的意愿或动机的约束上。将公私看作是绝对冲突、势不两立的双方,并且将与个体自我有关的一切方面都归入“私”的范畴而视作必须灭绝铲除之列,如此逆人天性而行,则实际结果只能是公私关系的扭曲和逆转,只能是正常、正当的“公”与正常、正当的“私”的两败俱伤。追求程序公平,必然要肯定“合理之私”;强调结果公平,必然要奉行“尚公之道”。所以,培育公民精神,推进社会公平,需要大力提倡“尚公重私”的公私观。
The concept of public and private constitutes the deep foundation of Chinese action logic, while the difference between public and private generates the specialism characteristic of Chinese action logic. In the social life of “difference pattern ” and “ethical standard ”, “ideal for the public ”, “character ” “character ” The concept of “public” has always been a kind of stratum-based awareness based on private relations and can not go beyond the category of “one’s own self”. Therefore, many critics have criticized it. In the long history, the formation and accumulation of public and private ideas rooted in the cultural and psychological structure of Chinese people is mainly manifested in their restraint on people’s willingness or motivation to participate in public affairs because of their influence on public participation and citizenship cultivation. To regard the public and the private as absolutely conflicting and irrational parties and categorizing all aspects of the individual’s self as being “private” as the list of things that must be exterminated and eradicated so that the actual result Only the distortion and reversal of public-private relations can only be the result of both the normal and legitimate “public” and the normal and legitimate “private”. The pursuit of procedural fairness must be affirmed “reasonable private ”; stressed that the results of fairness, we must pursue “Shanggong Zhi ”. Therefore, to cultivate the spirit of the citizens and promote social fairness, we need to vigorously promote the public-private view of “fairness and privacy ”.