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目的调查某石化企业生产过程中产生的高毒物品及其危害关键控制点,为石化企业高毒物品的防护提供依据。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和工作场所化学毒物检测相结合的方法对企业存在的化学毒物进行分析。结果在石油化工的生产过程中,在作业场所中存在高毒物品较多,主要包括硫化氢、苯、氨、氯气、羰基镍、氰化物、焦炉逸散物和电离辐射等。其中硫化氢、苯、氨分布较为广泛。在采样口、检尺口、检验、污水处理水池高毒物品超标严重,分别占32%、66%、13%和9%,苯和硫化氢的超标率分别占23%和6%,其它工作场所高毒物品的检测结果均低于职业接触限值。结论高毒物品的关键控制点为采样口、检尺口、检验和污水处理池,苯和硫化氢危害最为严重,应加强其防毒措施。
Objective To investigate the critical control points of highly toxic substances and their hazards in the production of a petrochemical enterprise and provide the basis for the protection of highly toxic substances in petrochemical enterprises. Methods The methods of on-site occupational hygiene investigation and chemical poison detection in the workplace were used to analyze the chemical poison existing in the enterprise. Results In the petrochemical production process, there were many high-toxic substances in the workplace, including hydrogen sulfide, benzene, ammonia, chlorine, nickel carbonyl, cyanide, coke oven emissions and ionizing radiation. Among them hydrogen sulfide, benzene, ammonia distribution is more extensive. In the sampling port, test ruler, inspection, sewage treatment pool of highly toxic substances exceeded the standard serious, accounting for 32%, 66%, 13% and 9%, benzene and hydrogen sulfide exceeded the rate of 23% and 6%, respectively Test results of highly toxic substances in places are lower than the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The key control points for highly toxic substances are the sampling port, the tripod test, the test and the sewage treatment tank. The harms of benzene and hydrogen sulfide are the most serious, and the anti-virus measures should be strengthened.