论文部分内容阅读
所有的癌症都是在身体里发动战争,而白血病——一般称为血癌——相比之下是其中攻击力最低的了。大部分的恶性肿瘤都与许多基因突变联系在一起,这意味着人们不可能知道,到底是哪个突变导致细胞进入错误途径,从而难以确定治疗所要针对的目标基因。白血病看起来就简单多了:其中一种病,慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)是由单个基因融合引起的。科学家们开发了针对错误基因的靶向药物伊马替尼,将CML患者5年存活率提高到超过95%。很多急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)的患儿也因此受益。尽管如此,但是正如我们在这次的专题中所提到的,新闻中的统计数字掩饰了大部分
All cancers are waging war in the body, and leukemia, commonly known as blood cancer, is one of the least lethal in comparison. Most malignancies are linked to many genetic mutations, which means it’s impossible to know exactly which mutation led to the wrong cells, making it difficult to determine the target gene for the treatment. Leukemia looks much simpler: One of the diseases, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is caused by a single gene fusion. Scientists have developed imatinib, a targeted drug targeting the wrong gene, to raise the 5-year survival rate of CML patients to more than 95%. Many children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) also benefit. However, as we mentioned in this special feature, the statistics in the news mask most