目的　为自体耳大及腓浅神经移植提供解剖学基础。方法　 15具成人尸体 ,其中男性 12具 ,女性 3具共 30侧头颈及下肢 ,经颈总动脉、锁骨下动脉及股动脉灌注氨水稀释的红色乳胶后 ,进行大体解剖和观测。结果　耳大神经横经 2 47± 0 5 0mm、长度 45 77± 11 84mm、距体表深度 5 30± 1 36mm、其分支有三条 ;腓浅神经横经 2 6 0± 0 5 8mm、长度 88 30± 2 7 46mm、距体表深度 5 2 0± 1 93mm ,其主要分支有两条 ,腓浅神经小动脉丰富 ,但管径细小 ;寻找每条神经 ,都有两个可靠的手术部位。结论　耳大及腓浅神经位置表浅 ,横径粗是理想的神经移植供体 ,腓浅神经又粗又长 ,小血管丰富 ,作为供体的条件更具优势。二者均可从最佳位置获取之 Objective To provide an anatomical basis for autonomic ear and superficial peroneal nerve grafting. Methods Fifteen adult cadavers, including 12 males and 3 females with 30 sides of head and neck and lower extremities, were grossly dissected and observed after perfusion of red latex diluted with ammonia in the common carotid artery, subclavian artery and femoral artery. Results The auricular nerve transected 2247 ± 0 50mm and length 45 77 ± 11 84mm, and the distance from the body surface was 5 30 ± 1 36mm with three branches. The superficial peroneal nerve was 260 ± 0.058mm and the length was 88 30 ± 2 7 46mm, distance from the body surface of 5220 ± 1 93mm, the main branch has two, the superficial peroneal arterioles is rich, but the diameter is small; looking for each nerve, there are two reliable surgical sites. CONCLUSIONS: Ears and superficial peroneal nerve are superficial and the transverse diameter is the ideal donor for nerve grafts. The superficial peroneal nerve is thick and long, rich in small blood vessels. It is more advantageous as a donor. Both can be obtained from the best location