国企改革作为我国全面深化改革中的一项基础性任务,是一个长期和艰巨的过程。从新中国成立初期的公私合营,到改革开放以来中央推行的四次国企改革,国企发展和民营资本的参与始终相伴相随。国企改革以所有制改革为路径,即在坚持以公有制为主体,多种所有制经济并存发展的基本经济制度基础之上,建立现代企业制度。从上世纪80年代中后期到90年代初,国企放权搞活,向民营资本部分开放,探索承包制、股份 The reform of state-owned enterprises, as a basic task in deepening the overall reform of our country, is a long-term and arduous process. From the public-private joint venture in the early days of the founding of New China to the four state-owned enterprises reforms implemented by the central government since the reform and opening up, the development of state-owned enterprises and the participation of private capital have always been accompanied by each other. The reform of state-owned enterprises takes the reform of ownership as the path, that is, on the basis of upholding the basic economic system of which public ownership is the mainstay and various forms of ownership are coexisting, establishing a modern enterprise system. From the mid-to-late 1980s to the early 1990s, state-owned enterprises took the liberty to invigorate and opened up to the private capital sector, explored the system of contracts and shares