航天育种,又被称为太空育种,是利用航天技术,通过返回式航天器(卫星或飞船),将作物种子、苗木带到200～400km的太空,利用太空中的宇宙射线、微重力、重粒子、高真空、大交变磁场等特殊空间环境条件对种子、苗木的作用,诱使作物种子或苗木发生基因突变或染色体畸变,经地面种植,筛选出发生有益变异(如籽粒或 Space breeding, also known as space breeding, is the use of space technology to bring crop seeds and seedlings to space of 200-400 km by means of return spacecraft (satellites or spacecraft), using cosmic rays in space, microgravity, Particles, high vacuum, large alternating magnetic field and other special environmental conditions on the role of seeds and seedlings, induce seed or seedlings crop mutation or chromosomal aberrations, the ground planted to screen out the occurrence of beneficial mutations (such as grain or