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1946年诺贝尔化学奖授予美国生物化学家詹姆斯·巴彻勒·萨姆纳、温德尔·梅雷迪斯·斯坦利和约翰·霍华德·诺思罗普,他们获奖的原因是制备了高纯度的酶晶体和病毒蛋白质.此前的生物化学家都认为酶是附着在胶体上的低分子量物质,而萨姆纳始终相信酶是蛋白质.1917年,他从刀豆粉中分离提纯出脲酶.1926年,他成功地分离出一种脲酶活性很强的蛋白质.这是生物化学史上首次得到的结晶酶,也首次直接证明了酶是蛋白质,推动了酶化学的发展.1937年,他又得到了过氧化氢酶的结晶,还提纯了几种其他的酶.
The 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to American biochemists James Batchelor Sumner, Wendell Meredith Stanley and John Howard Northrop, who won the prize because of the high purity Enzyme crystals and viral proteins. Previous biochemists thought the enzyme was a low molecular weight substance attached to the colloid, and Sumner had always believed that the enzyme was a protein .1917, he isolated from the sword bean flour purified urease .1926 , He succeeded in isolating a protein that is highly active in urease, the first crystalline enzyme in the history of biochemistry, and for the first time a direct demonstration that the enzyme is a protein that has catalyzed the development of enzyme chemistry. Catalase crystallization, but also purified several other enzymes.