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目的探讨影响吸烟者戒烟意愿的因素。方法分别在北京、沈阳、上海、长沙、广州和银川6个城市使用多阶段抽样法,每个城市各抽取800名成年吸烟者,采用入户调查的方式进行问卷调查。结果单因素分析显示,文化程度、既往戒烟经历、尼古丁依赖程度、个人健康评分、吸烟对健康造成的危害、担心吸烟对今后健康的影响、吸烟相关知识及态度、烟盒健康警语、控烟广告、周围吸烟人数、环境禁烟规定等因素与戒烟意愿有关(P<0.05)。多因素分析表明,戒烟意愿影响因素包括既往戒烟经历(OR=2.542,95%CI:1.932～3.344)、尼古丁依赖程度(OR=0.848,95%CI:0.785～0.917)、吸烟对健康造成的危害(OR=0.686,95%CI:0.498～0.945)、担心吸烟对今后健康的影响(OR=0.235,95%CI:0.160～0.345)、吸烟相关知识及态度(P<0.05)、控烟广告(P<0.05)。结论戒烟意愿与吸烟者自身及环境因素有关,应采取针对性的措施促进戒烟。
Objective To explore the factors influencing smokers’ willingness to quit smoking. Methods The multistage sampling method was used in six cities of Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou and Yinchuan, and 800 adult smokers were drawn from each city. The questionnaire was conducted by means of household survey. Results Univariate analysis showed that educational level, previous smoking cessation experience, dependence of nicotine, personal health score, harm to health caused by smoking, worry about future health effects of smoking, knowledge and attitudes of smoking, cigarette health warnings, tobacco control advertisements , The number of smokers around, the provisions of environmental smoking ban and other factors related to smoking cessation (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of smoking cessation intention included previous smoking cessation experience (OR = 2.542, 95% CI: 1.932-3.344), nicotine dependence (OR = 0.848, 95% CI: 0.785-0.917) (OR = 0.686, 95% CI: 0.498-0.945), worried about the future health effects of smoking (OR = 0.235,95% CI: 0.160-0.345), knowledge and attitude about smoking (P < <0.05). Conclusion The willingness to quit is related to the smoker’s own and environmental factors. Specific measures should be taken to promote smoking cessation.