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马克思的市民社会与政治国家关系理论是对黑格尔市民社会与政治国家关系理论的批判和继承,马克思认为是市民社会决定政治国家,而不是政治国家决定市民社会,马克思的这一理论是在其早期著作《黑格尔法哲学批判》中首先提出来的,并在其和恩格斯的著作《德意志意识形态》的第一章《费尔巴哈论》中进行了集中叙述。一些学者着重从纯文本的角度或该理论的现代性角度来论述,笔者将从马克思主义中国化过程这个动态角度来阐释马克思的市民社会和政治国家关系理论在中国革命和现代化建设中所形成的特征。
Marx’s theory of the relationship between civil society and political states is the criticism and inheritance of Hegel’s theory of the relationship between civil society and political states. Marx believes that civil society decides the political state, not the political state to decide the civil society. Marx’s theory is based on His earlier work, “Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law,” was first introduced and focused on the first chapter of “German Ideology,” “Feuerbach’s Theory”. Some scholars focus on the purely textual point of view or the modernity of the theory to discuss the author from the dynamic process of Marxism in China to explain the process of Marx’s theory of civil society and political relations formed in the Chinese revolution and modernization feature.