The dynamic behaviour of spiral tip in the light-sensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction under the influence of an exteally applied light gradient was experimen
We study dynamics of spiral waves under a uniform periodic temporal forcing in an excitable medium. With a specific combination of frequency and amplitude of th
Using the decomposition theory of U(1) gauge potential and φ-mapping topological current theory, we investigate the topological inner structure of Che-Simons t