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日本家庭农场包括独立农场和一户一法人两类。日本的认定农业者制度和直接支付对其家庭农场的培育和发展起到了重要作用。认定农业者制度明确了农地流转的方向,超级长期贷款制度为认定农业者的发展提供了金融支持。直接支付则为家庭农场提供了一个能够继续从事农业并改善其农业经营的环境。日本家庭农场法律制度研究对中国家庭农场的培育和发展的启示在于:应当明确家庭农场的法律地位、规范家庭农场的认定标准、清晰界定家庭农场的“农地”范围、确立家庭农场在土地承包经营权流转中的优先地位、健全支持家庭农场的农业政策性金融体系以及加大对家庭农场的补贴力度。
Japanese family farms include two separate farms and one corporation. Japan’s recognition of the system of agricultural workers and direct payments played an important role in nurturing and developing their family farms. It is concluded that the system of farmers defined the direction of farmland circulation and that the system of super long-term loans provided financial support for the identification of farmers. Direct payments provide an environment for family farms to continue farming and improve their farming operations. The study on the legal system of Japanese family farms reveals the enlightenment of the cultivation and development of Chinese family farms in that the legal status of family farms should be clarified, the standard of recognition of family farms should be clarified, the scope of “farm land” of family farms should be clearly defined, Prioritize the transfer of land contractual management rights, improve the agricultural policy-based financial system that supports family farms, and increase subsidies to family farms.