为了揭示磷浓度对茴香生长发育和次生代谢产物———精油累积的影响及其内在关系,采用水培方法,以日本园试配方中磷含量为标准1P,设计1/8P、1/4P、1/2P、1P和2P处理,研究不同磷浓度对茴香生长发育、精油含量和组分的影响。结果表明:在形态方面,株高、分枝数、花序数、节数、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、全株鲜重和全株干重均表现为1P处理高于其他处理,且花序数、地上部鲜重、全株鲜重和全株干重表现为1P处理显著高于其他处理;根/冠比和干物率随着磷浓度增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,且均在1/4P时达到最高值。在生理指标方面,随着磷浓度升高,C/N呈显著下降趋势变化,并具体表现为1/8P>1/4P>1/2P>1P和2P;叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量等均表现为较低的磷浓度(1/8P和1/4P)显著高于较高的磷浓度(1/2P、1P和2P);其他生理指标变化均没有明显的线性规律;精油含量和单株精油产量具有相似的变化,其中精油含量表现为1/8P>1P>1/4P、1/2P、2P,单株精油产量表现为1/8P、1P>1/4P、1/2P、2P。相关分析表明,全氮含量与蛋白氮含量极显著正相关;全碳含量与可溶性糖含量和碳氮比极显著正相关;蛋白氮含量与全碳含量、可溶性糖含量和碳氮显著或极显著负相关;全氮含量与碳氮比极显著负相关;精油含量与单株精油产量极显著正相关;精油含量、精油产量与全碳含量、可溶性糖含量显著或极显著正相关。精油共鉴定出23种成分,不同氮浓度处理茴香精油成分种类没有差别,但除爱草脑外,其余成分含量均差异显著。 In order to reveal the effect of phosphorous concentration on the growth and development of secondary metabolites of fennel and the accumulation of secondary metabolites --- essential oil and its intrinsic relationship, the method of hydroponics was used to determine the content of phosphorus in Japanese garden test as standard 1P, and the design of 1 / 8P and 1 / 4P , 1 / 2P, 1P and 2P to study the effects of different phosphorus concentration on the growth and development of fennel, the content and composition of essential oil. The results showed that the plant height, number of branches, number of inflorescences, number of nodes, fresh weight of shoots, fresh weight of fresh parts, fresh weight of whole plant and dry weight of whole plant were all higher than those of other treatments The number of inflorescence, shoot fresh weight, fresh weight of whole plant and whole plant dry weight were significantly higher than that of other treatments. The root / shoot ratio and dry matter content increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of phosphorus concentration 1 / 4P reached the highest value. In terms of physiological indices, the C / N showed a significant decreasing trend with the increase of phosphorus concentration, and the specificities were 1 / 8P> 1 / 4P> 1 / 2P> 1P and 2P; the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids The lower phosphorus concentrations (1 / 8P and 1 / 4P) were significantly higher than the higher phosphorus concentrations (1 / 2P, 1P and 2P). There was no obvious linearity in other physiological indices. The yield of essential oil showed similar changes. The essential oil content showed 1 / 8P> 1P> 1 / 4P, 1 / 2P, 2P. The yield of individual plant oil was 1 / 8P, 1P> 1 / 4P, 1 / 2P, 2P. Correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen content was significantly and positively correlated with protein nitrogen content; total carbon content was significantly and positively correlated with soluble sugar content and carbon nitrogen ratio; protein nitrogen content and total carbon content, soluble sugar content and carbon and nitrogen were significantly or extremely significant There was a significant negative correlation between the content of total nitrogen and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen. The content of essential oil was significantly and positively correlated with the yield of single plant. The content of essential oil, the yield of essential oil was significantly or very significantly positively correlated with the content of total carbon and soluble sugar. Essential oils identified a total of 23 kinds of ingredients, different concentrations of nitrogen treated fennel essential oil composition of the species there is no difference, but in addition to love grass, the remaining ingredients were significantly different.