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在理欲观上，李贽主张人欲等同天理，私欲即为公利，认为人的欲望是真、善之物，从而认欲为理；王夫之认为人欲不能等同天理，理欲“同行异情”，主张以公私区分理欲，存公欲去私欲，以理统欲，以理节欲。该文分析这种理欲观上的深刻分歧，以及王夫之对李贽的批判，并在二人的学术背景、对佛禅的态度、社会立场以及生活的态度等问题上作进一步剖析。
On the theory of reason and desires, Li Xun advocates that human desire is equal to heavenly selfishness, that is, selfish desire is public welfare, that human desire is true and good thing, so that desire is justified. Wang Fuzhi believes that human beings can not be equal to nature, Advocated the public and private areas of desire, save public desire to desires, in order to rational system, to rational abstinence. This article analyzes the profound differences on this view of reason and ideal, as well as Wang Fuzhi’s criticism of Li Zhi, and makes further analysis on their academic backgrounds, Buddhist and Buddhist attitudes, social positions and attitudes toward life.