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特称描述语(也称限定摹状词)是语言哲学及语言学研究中长盛不衰的话题,也一直是语言哲学理论和语言学理论的试金石。本研究简要回顾特称描述语的哲学渊源,通过重点梳理其属性/指称用法及相应的语义—语用界面问题的争论,从研究语义特征、语境作用和理解机制3个方面,剖析Russell,Strawson和Donnellan等不同哲学流派的西方哲学家、语言学家及其追随者们分析特称描述语的异同,从而彰显特称描述语研究所经历的从纯语义研究到语义—语用结合的界面研究的转向。
Special Descriptions (also known as Restricted Descriptors) are topics that have flourished in the study of linguistic philosophy and linguistics and have also been the litmus test of linguistic philosophy and linguistic theory. This study briefly reviews the philosophical origins of the special-mention descriptors. By focusing on the controversy of its attributes / referential usage and the corresponding semantic-pragmatic interface problems, this study analyzes Russell from three aspects: the study of semantic features, contextual effects and understanding mechanisms, Western philosophers, linguists and their followers of different philosophical schools, such as Strawson and Donnellan, analyze the similarities and differences between especial descriptors in order to demonstrate the interface from purely semantic research to semantic-pragmatic integration experienced by especial descriptive research Study of the turn.