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为了探明不同垄膜沟播处理对土壤氮、磷养分吸附-解吸的影响,本研究以农业部阜新农业环境与耕地保育科学观测实验站为平台,通过定位7年(2007年~2013年)的田间试验,结合实验室内批量平衡法,以传统种植(T0/CK)为对照,对长期垄膜沟种(垄上覆膜沟内不覆盖(T1),垄上覆膜沟内覆膜(T2))条件下根际土壤对重要养分氮、磷的吸附/解吸能力进行研究和分析,结果表明:垄膜沟种处理有助于降低土壤对氮、磷养分的吸附,通过拟合Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程所求得的MBC和Kf值等相关参数可知,垄覆膜沟不覆盖种植处理土壤对氮、磷的吸附容量和吸附强度最小,最有利于削弱土壤对氮、磷的吸附作用,减少氮、磷固定,各处理对氮吸附的MBC值表现为:T1(6.70)T2(62.3%)>T0(53.5%),平均滞后系数为:T0(0.46)>T2(0.37)>T1(0.34);对磷解吸能力表现为:T2(16.8%)>T1(14.6%)>T0(8.8%),平均滞后系数为T0(0.91)>T1(0.85)>T2(0.83),垄覆膜沟不覆膜(T1)处理最有利于氮的解吸,垄覆膜沟覆膜处理(T2)最有利于磷的解吸。垄膜沟种可通过降低土壤有机质含量、p H和阳离子交换量来减少氮、磷的吸附,增加氮、磷养分的解吸。
In order to find out the effect of furrow-sowing treatment on the adsorption and desorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil, this research, taking the platform of scientific observation and experiment station of Fuxin Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Conservation of Ministry of Agriculture as the platform, (T0 / CK) was used as a control to study the effects of long-term ridge-furrow ditches (ridge-covered furrows without cover (T1), ridge-covered mulching furrows (T2)), the adsorption and desorption capacities of nitrogen and phosphorus in rhizosphere soils were studied. The results showed that the treatment of ridge and furrows could reduce the soil nutrient uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus. By fitting Langmuir Equation and Freundlich equation obtained MBC and Kf values and other related parameters show that the ridge mulch does not cover the planting soil nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacity and minimum adsorption strength, the most conducive to weaken the soil nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption (P <0.05). The MBC values of nitrogen adsorption for all treatments were T1 (6.70) T2 (62.3%)> T0 (53.5%), , And the average lagging coefficient was T0 (0.46)> T2 (0.37)> T1 (0.34). The desorption capacity for phosphorus was T2 (16.8%)> T1 (14.6%)> T0 T0 (0.91)> T1 (0.85)> T2 (0.83). Ridge cover (T1) treatment was the most favorable for nitrogen desorption. Ridge cover film trowel treatment (T2) was the best for desorption of phosphorus. Ridge trough can reduce nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption and increase desorption of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by reducing soil organic matter content, p H and cation exchange capacity.