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在直升机翅片管式滑油散热器的初步热力性能计算的基础上,应用遗传算法对滑油散热器的结构进行了优化设计。设立散热器的质量、传热系数、管程压降和壳程压降四个目标,以散热器的结构参数为设计变量。编制了遗传算法优化程序,采用十进制编码、锦标赛选择、两点交叉和混合变异,以及变异概率随进化代数的增加而加大的自适应方法。实例计算表明,与原始数据比较,散热器的质量大幅减小,传热系数有一定程度地增大,管程和壳程压降均有所减小。文中的设计方法具有通用性,可用于不同散热器的优化设计。
Based on the preliminary calculation of thermal performance of helicopter finned tube oil radiator, the structure of the oil radiator was optimized by genetic algorithm. The establishment of the radiator quality, heat transfer coefficient, pipe pressure drop and shell-side pressure drop four goals, the structural parameters of the radiator as a design variable. A genetic algorithm optimization program was developed using decimal coding, tournament selection, two-point crossover and mixed mutation, as well as an adaptive approach that increases the mutation probability with increasing algebra. The example shows that compared with the original data, the quality of the radiator is greatly reduced, the heat transfer coefficient is increased to a certain extent, and the pressure drop in the pipe and shell side are reduced. The design method in this paper has the versatility and can be used in the optimal design of different heat sinks.