“道德律令”和“反求诸己”分别是康德和孟子伦理思想的重要观念。康德是德国乃至整个哲学史上的重要哲学家之一,孟子是中国哲学史上继孔子之后儒家思想的重要代表人物之一。通过“道德律令”和“反求诸己”这两个观念的分析探索来理解康德和孟子的核心思想,以进一步揭示西方哲学和中国儒家哲学的基本精神。 “Moral law ” and “Reverse the individual ” are important concepts of Kant and Mencius ethical thought respectively. Kant is one of the important philosophers in Germany and the entire history of philosophy. Mencius is one of the important representatives of Confucianism after Confucius in the history of Chinese philosophy. Through the analysis and exploration of the two concepts of “moral law” and “anti-seeking one’s own self”, we can understand the core ideas of Kant and Mencius to further reveal the basic spirit of western philosophy and Chinese Confucianism.