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目的了解广西缺铁性贫血高发区6~24个月婴幼儿贫血分布情况,分析不同干预方法对6~24月龄婴幼儿缺铁性贫血患病的影响。方法在广西缺铁性贫血高发地区,通过分层整群随机方法抽取广西3县8个乡镇的6~24个月龄婴幼儿504名,分横县干预组(A)、灵山县干预组(B)、宾阳县大桥镇和黎堰镇(C)、宾阳县武陵镇和新桥镇(D)4个组,对家长进行问卷调查及不同干预试验,其中A组健康教育+营养包,B组营养包,C组补充营养+健康教育,D组为对照组。干预时间为8个月。对比分析干预前后患儿贫血患病与转归情况。结果四组儿童性别差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.56,P=0.905);四组干预前贫血患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.81,P=0.003),贫血患病率B>A>D>C,干预后贫血患病率均降低(P<0.001),贫血患病率C>D>A>B;干预前后贫血转归差异有统计学意义(χ~2=26.64,P<0.001)。结论 6~24个月龄婴幼儿补充营养素补充剂有利于改善婴幼儿贫血状况和降低贫血患病率。
Objective To understand the distribution of anemia in infants and young children with iron deficiency anemia in Guangxi from 6 to 24 months and analyze the influence of different interventions on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in infants aged 6 to 24 months. Methods A total of 504 children aged 6-24 months from 8 townships in 3 counties in Guangxi province were enrolled in this study. The patients in Fenghuang County intervention group (A), Lingshan intervention group (A) B), Binyang Dashiqiao and Laiyan (C), Binyang Wulingzhen and Xinqiao (D) 4 groups, questionnaires and different interventions for parents, including group A health education + nutrition package , Group B nutrition package, group C supplement nutrition + health education, group D as the control group. Intervention time is 8 months. Comparative analysis of children with anemia before and after intervention and prognosis. Results There was no significant difference in sex between the four groups of children (χ ~ 2 = 0.56, P = 0.905). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of anemia among the four groups (χ ~ 2 = 13.81, P = 0.003) B> A> D> C, the prevalence of anemia after intervention was decreased (P <0.001), the prevalence of anemia was C> D> A> B; the difference of anemia before and after intervention was statistically significant 26.64, P <0.001). Conclusion Supplementation of nutrient supplements for infants and young children aged 6 ~ 24 months is beneficial to improve anemia and reduce the prevalence of anemia in infants and children.