目的探讨气压弹道碎石术在肾盂切开治疗复杂性肾结石中的应用价值。方法采用肾盂切开联合气压弹道碎石术治疗肾复杂性结石9例。结果全组术中无大出血,无肾盂肾盏黏膜撕脱,无肾实质损伤,肾积水症状明显改善。1例患者肾盏内有小结石存留,外院行ESWL治疗后获愈。结论复杂性鹿角型和铸型结石治疗困难,肾盂切开联合气压弹道碎石术是一种安全有效的方法。 Objective To investigate the value of pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of complex renal calculi with pyelolithotomy. Methods 9 cases of complicated kidney stones were treated with pyelolithotomy and pneumatic lithotripsy. Results All the patients had no major bleeding, no avulsion of pyelonephritis mucosa, no renal parenchymal injury and obvious improvement of hydronephrosis. One patient had small calculus in the calyces and was cured after ESWL treatment. Conclusions The complexity of antlers and mold stones is difficult to treat. Pyrennial incision combined with pneumatic lithotripsy is a safe and effective method.