目的　探讨儿童下尿路结石的治疗方法。方法　应用输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗儿童下尿路结石 31例。结果　所有病例一次性治疗成功 ,碎石时间为 7～ 11min ,手术时间 2 5～ 5 0min ,无一例并发症。结论　输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术是治疗儿童下尿路结石较为理想的方法 ,具有高效、安全、容易操作的特点。 Objective To investigate the treatment of lower urinary tract stones in children. Methods Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of 31 cases of children with lower urinary tract stones. Results All cases were successfully treated at one time. The time of lithotripsy was 7 ~ 11min and the operation time was 25 ~ 50min with no complications. Conclusions Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy is an ideal method for the treatment of lower urinary tract stones in children. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, safety and easy operation.