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祁晓明在《王国维与日本明治时期的文学批评——田冈岭云文论对王国维“意境说”的影响》一文中,试图在田冈岭云与王国维诗学之间建立一种全面的思想联系。我们无意否定田冈岭云等日本学者对王国维的影响,但比起西方文化的影响而言,这种影响毕竟是次要的。田冈岭云只是王国维最初了解西方哲学的中介,王国维研习的对象仍然是西方思想。王国维早年醉心于德国哲学,后来的文学研究依旧是在德国美学背景下进行的,来自叔本华等人著作的“外来观念”也成为他建构“意境说”的主要思想资源。田冈岭云与王国维思想之间的某些相似之处,并非缘于前者对后者的影响,而是由于二人思想中共同的叔本华的存在。因为置身于不同的客观历史语境,也由于对自己的使命不同的主观期许,二人的思想又存在显著的差异。祁晓明在两位思想家的著作中挑出一些孤立的片断,依据某种相似性拼贴在一起,然后得出甲影响了乙的结论。然而,任何个别的观念都是在某种思想结构中发生意义和作用的,如果不把它们与整体的语境联系起来,就会不自觉地放大其共同性,而忽视二者之间的深刻的差异,生产出“影响的神话”。要避免这种情形发生,一个重要途径就是把这种思想运动和交流历史化、语境化。
QI Xiaoming In “Wang Guowei and Japanese Meiji Period Literary Criticism - The Influence of Tian Gangling’s Cloud Literary Theory on Wang Guowei’s” Artistic Conception “, trying to establish a relationship between Tian Gangling’s cloud and Wang Guowei’s poetics Kind of comprehensive thought connection. We have no intention of negating the influence of Japanese scholars such as Tadaoka Lingyun on Wang Guowei, but this influence is, after all, less important than the influence of Western culture. Tian Gangling cloud just Wang Guowei initially understand the intermediary of Western philosophy, Wang Guowei study is still the object of Western thought. Wang Guowei was obsessed with German philosophy in his early years, and later his literary studies were still conducted in the context of German aesthetics. The ”foreign ideas“ from Schopenhauer et al. Also became his main ideological resource for constructing ”artistic conception“ . Some similarities between Tadaoka ridge and Wang Guowei’s thought are not due to the influence of the former on the latter, but to the existence of the same Schopenhauerian in the two thoughts. Because of exposure to different objective historical contexts, but also because of their different subjective expectations of the mission, there is a significant difference between the two thoughts. QI Xiaoming picked out isolated pieces from the writings of two thinkers, collage them together according to a certain similarity, and then conclude that A affected B. However, any individual idea has its meaning and function in some kind of thought structure. If we do not associate them with the overall context, we unconsciously magnify their commonality and ignore the profoundness of the two The difference, to produce ”the myth of influence". To prevent this from happening, an important way is to historical and communicative exchange of ideas and contexts.