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当今社会随着经济和科技的发展,多种有害职业因素往往共同存在于同一岗位。复合因素对机体健康影响的相互作用包括四种情况:协同作用、相加作用、拮抗作用和无关作用。噪声和高温作为有害的职业因素常存在于同一岗位,那么噪声复合高温对机体健康会产生怎样的影响,这两种环境因素是否存在复合效应?文献报道不一。噪声和高温联合对听觉系统、心血管系统、神经系统的影响可能表现为协同、相加、拮抗和无关作用,对呼吸系统的影响表现为拮抗作用,目前,研究结果不一致主要原因是实验条件和暴露方法的不一致。我们认为将来的研究热点集中在噪声和高温联合产生复合效应的条件及剂量反应关系研究、机制及防治措施研究,噪声和高温联合对其他系统如消化、免疫系统是否存在复合效应也值得深入研究。
In today’s society, with the development of economy and science and technology, many harmful occupational factors often co-exist in the same job. Interactions of complex factors on the health effects of the body include four conditions: synergism, additive effects, antagonistic effects and irrelevant effects. Noise and heat as harmful occupational factors often exist in the same post, then the noise of the compound high temperature on the body health will have what kind of impact, the two environmental factors whether there is a compound effect? The effects of noise and hyperthermia on the auditory system, cardiovascular system and nervous system may show synergistic, additive, antagonistic and irrelevant effects, showing antagonistic effects on the respiratory system. At present, the main reason for the inconsistent findings is the experimental conditions and Inconsistent exposure methods. In our opinion, the future research focuses on the conditions and dose-response relationship of combined effects of noise and high temperature, mechanism and prevention and control measures, and whether the combination of noise and high temperature have complex effects on other systems such as digestion and immune system is worth further study.