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受国家政治、经济体制的转型性发展,与竞技体育职业化、产业化、市场化进程的共同影响,我国竞技运动员的产权交易性质与形式发生了根本改变,并由此引发了一系列制度问题与矛盾冲突的显现。主要采用文献资料法,借助经济学理论以我国竞技运动员产权交易制度的功能与特征为对象进行研究,认为:1)交易存在制度。我国竞技体育在市场化、职业化发展的进程中应不断加强制度建设,特别是提高正式与非正式制度间的协同作用,不断强化非正式制度的功能,使其助力于正式制度的有效实施。2)制度的制定既是为了满足交易主体的利益诉求,同时也是约束和保障交易主体的根本利益,因此制度涵盖了约束性、激励性、保障性、均衡性、教化性等功能。3)以市场为导向与基本国情相结合,在运动员产权交易制度的建设中强调有界性、公共性、利益性和强制性这是有效制度形成的重要内容。为保障我国竞技体育事业持续、健康、稳定的发展提供参考。
Influenced by the national politics and the transitional development of the economic system, and the common influence of the professionalization, industrialization and marketization of competitive sports, the nature and form of property rights transactions of athletes in our country have undergone fundamental changes. As a result, a series of institutional problems have arisen Conflict with the emergence of conflicts. Mainly using the literature method, with the help of economic theory to study the function and characteristics of China’s competitive athlete property rights transaction system, the study shows that: 1) the existence of the transaction system. In the process of marketization and professional development, the competitive sports in our country should continuously strengthen the system construction, in particular, enhance the synergy between the formal and the informal systems and constantly strengthen the functions of the informal system so that it can help the effective implementation of the formal system. 2) The system is not only designed to satisfy the interest demands of the transaction subjects, but also restrain and guarantee the fundamental interests of the transaction participants. Therefore, the system covers such functions as binding, motivating, guaranteeing, balanced and enlightenment. 3) Combining market orientation with basic national conditions, boundedness, publicity, profitability and compulsion are emphasized in the construction of athlete property rights transactions. This is an important part of the formation of an effective system. To provide a reference for the sustainable, healthy and stable development of our country’s competitive sports.