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颈部的先天性囊肿或瘘管,分为颈正中及颈侧部两种。前者来源于胚胎期的甲状舌管,称为甲状舌骨囊肿或瘘管,后者则发源于胚胎期鳃器的残留组织,最早由Heuzinger(1865)提出命名为鳃裂囊肿或痿管。发病概况及其临床分类该病通常单侧起病,以左颈侧稍多,双侧同时发病者少见。其中瘘管发病年龄较早,多在10岁以下,有些初生后就有症状,但多延至学
Congenital cysts or fistulas in the neck are divided into two types: the neck and the neck. The former is derived from embryonic thyroglossal ducts called thyroid hyoid cysts or fistulas, while the latter originates from residual tissues of embryonic neoplasms and was originally proposed by Heuzinger (1865) as a cleft palate or fistula. Incidence and clinical classification The disease is usually unilateral onset, with a little more left and right necks, and bilateral patients with simultaneous onset are rare. The age of onset of fistula is earlier, mostly below the age of 10, some of them have symptoms after the first birth, but many delay to school.