目的:考察马基雅维利主义与青少年攻击行为的关系,以及同伴信念在其中的中介作用。方法:采用整群抽样法选取553名青少年为被试,采用自我报告法分别测量马基雅维利主义、同伴信念和攻击行为。结果:1马基雅维利主义、同伴信念和攻击行为均存在显著的性别差异,男生的马基雅维利主义、攻击行为显著高于女生,同伴信念低于女生;2马基雅维利主义显著预测攻击行为,且同伴信念在马基雅维利主义与攻击行为之间起到部分中介作用;3同伴信念的中介效应存在性别差异,男生同伴信念对马基雅维利主义与攻击行为关系的中介效应显著大于女生。结论:青少年攻击行为与马基雅维利主义有关,且男生的同伴信念在马基雅维利主义与攻击行为之间起到部分中介作用。 Aims: To investigate the relationship between Machiavellianism and adolescent aggression and the mediating role of peer belief. Methods: A total of 553 adolescents were selected by cluster sampling method. Self-report method was used to measure Machiavellism, peer belief and aggression. Results: 1 There was a significant gender difference in Machiavellianism, peer beliefs and aggression. Male-style Machiavellian attacks were significantly more aggressive than girls and peer-beliefs were less than girls. 2 Machuvianism significantly predicted aggression, And the fellow beliefs played a partial mediating role between Machiavellianism and aggression. (3) There were gender differences in the mediating effects of peer beliefs. The mediating effect of boys’ beliefs on the relationship between Machiavellianism and aggression was significantly greater than that of girls. Conclusion: Adolescent aggression is linked to Machiavellianism and the male partner’s beliefs play a partial intermediary role between Machiavellianism and aggression.