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目的探讨1,2-二氯乙烷对血脑屏障的损伤作用。方法用1,2-二氯乙烷静式呼吸道急性染毒复制大鼠急性中毒性脑病模型,用硝酸镧染色法测定脑组织的含水量并检测血脑屏障的通透性；同时在体外培养脑微血管内皮细胞和神经胶质细胞,用1,2-二氯乙烷对生长良好的脑微血管内皮细胞和神经胶质细胞染毒,在光镜和电镜下观察细胞形态学特征。结果(1)脑组织主要表现为细胞外水肿,镧示踪法检测到血脑屏障有镧颗粒的大量渗漏。(2)中高剂量染毒组大鼠大脑皮质含水量较对照组明显升高,并且随着染毒后时间的延长更趋严重；大脑髓质含水量仅在染毒后观察6 h组有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。(3)1,2-二氯乙烷能破坏脑微血管内皮细胞和神经胶质细胞的正常形态学结构,且对神经胶质细胞的损伤表现得较早、较严重。结论1,2-二氯乙烷可造成血脑屏障的损伤,引起血管源性脑水肿。
Objective To investigate the damage of blood brain barrier by 1,2-dichloroethane. Methods Acute toxic encephalopathy model was induced by acute exposure to 1,2-dichloroethane in the respiratory tract of rats. The water content of brain tissue was determined by lanthanum nitrate staining and the permeability of blood-brain barrier was measured. Meanwhile, Brain microvascular endothelial cells and glial cells, with 1,2-dichloroethane on well-growing brain microvascular endothelial cells and glial cells exposed to light and electron microscopy to observe the morphological characteristics of cells. Results (1) The brain tissue mainly showed extracellular edema. Lanthanum tracer method detected a large amount of lanthanum particles leakage in the blood-brain barrier. (2) The water content of cerebral cortex in middle-high dose group was significantly higher than that in control group, and became more serious with the prolongation of time. The content of water in the medulla was only observed in 6 h after exposure Significance (P <0.05). (3) 1,2-Dichloroethane can damage the normal morphological structure of brain microvascular endothelial cells and glial cells, and damage to glial cells earlier, more serious. Conclusion 1,2-dichloroethane can cause blood-brain barrier damage, causing vasogenic brain edema.