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本文首先运用投入产出模型计算出中国进出口隐含碳的总额,得出机械设备制造业、金属产品制造业的隐含碳排放最大,而批发零售贸易、住宿和餐饮业和食品、饮料制造及烟草制品业最少。再采用CGE模型,得到的结果是在碳关税收取40美元/吨、50美元/吨和60美元/吨情况下,碳关税税率已经接近甚至超过部分出口产品遭遇的反倾销税。其中,电力、热力及水的生产和供应业行业遭受增加的关税最大。政府必须采取积极有效的措施来应对征收碳关税的影响。
In this paper, we use the input-output model to calculate the total amount of implicit carbon in China’s imports and exports, and draw the conclusion that the implied carbon emissions of the machinery and equipment manufacturing industry and the metal product manufacturing industry are the largest while the wholesale and retail trade, accommodation and catering industry and food and beverage manufacturing And tobacco products industry at least. Using the CGE model again, the result is that carbon tariffs have approached or exceeded the anti-dumping duties that some export products have encountered at a carbon tariff of US $ 40 / tonne, US $ 50 / tonne and US $ 60 / tonne. Among them, the electricity, heat and water production and supply industries suffered the largest increase in tariffs. The government must take positive and effective measures to deal with the impact of imposing carbon tariffs.