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胞质雄性不育(CMS)基因的发现以及三系配套技术的成功使作物杂种优势得以广泛应用,目前不育胞质类型的单一在一定程度上限制了水稻杂种优势的利用。为了发掘新的不育胞质类型,本研究利用34个线粒体SSR标记对本课题组选育的19份胞质来源于不同地区普通野生稻的水稻CMS材料进行了遗传多样性分析,并以野败型的天丰A、红莲型的粤泰A、冈型的G46A和D型的D62A作为对照材料。结果显示,针对线粒体基因组,检测到的变异数范围1~5,Simpson多样性指数(Hi)范围0.15~0.58,平均遗传多样性指数0.079;在全基因组中检测到的等位变异数范围1~4,Simpson多样性指数(Hi)范围0.16~0.70,平均遗传多样性指数0.087。两种分析结果表现出较好的一致性:A37、A39和A3这三份不育材料分别在两个聚类结果中单独聚为一类,与其它不育材料(包括4份典型的不育系对照)遗传距离都较远,遗传差异最大,因此,推测这3份材料可能为新的不育胞质类型。同时,线粒体SSR标记R34可将这23份不育材料明显区分开来,对扩增片段测序对比发现R34扩增的片段与不育基因orf224有很高的同源性,因此,R34标记可作为鉴别胞质类型的分子标记。
The discovery of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) gene and the success of the three-line matching technology have made crop heterosis widely used. At present, the single type of sterile cytoplasm restricts the utilization of heterosis in rice to a certain extent. In order to explore new types of CMS, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 19 CMS lines selected from our group by using 34 mitochondrial SSR markers. Type Tianfeng A, Honglian Yue Tai A, Gang type G46A and D type D62A as a control material. The results showed that for the mitochondrial genome, the number of detected variation ranged from 1 to 5, the Simpson index ranged from 0.15 to 0.58, and the average genetic diversity index 0.079. The number of alleles detected in the whole genome ranged from 1 to 5, 4, Simpson diversity index (Hi) range 0.16 ~ 0.70, the average genetic diversity index 0.087. The results of the two analyzes showed good agreement: the three infertile materials, A37, A39 and A3, were grouped separately in the two clustering results, compared with other infertile materials (including 4 typical infertility Line control) are far genetic distance, genetic differences greatest, therefore, speculated that these three materials may be the new type of sterile cytoplasm. At the same time, the mitochondrial SSR marker R34 clearly distinguished the 23 sterile materials. The comparison of the amplified fragments showed that the R34 amplified fragment has high homology with the sterile gene orf224. Therefore, the R34 marker can be used as Identification of cytoplasmic types of molecular markers.