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本文采用胶体分散法研究我国自北而南的13个地带性土壤中有机矿质复合体的组成、形成因素及其结合特点等。结果表明:复合体总量(G_0+G_1+G_2)与土壤中粘粒含量呈显著正相关。复合体类型中,G_0组的变化没有明显规律,G_1组在石灰性土壤和中性土壤中含量较高,自北而南有逐渐减少的趋势,G_2组则在酸性土壤中含量较高,自北而南呈逐渐增加趋势,G_1/G_2比值范围为025—12.35,自北而南呈渐减趋势。各组复合体含量与成土因素、矿质全量、腐殖质组成及土壤基本性质的相关分析结果一致表明,地带性土壤中G_1、G_2组复合体含量也呈现有规律的地带性分布。G_1/G_2比值与纬度呈极显著正相关,而与年均温和年降雨量呈极显著负相关,G_1含量与钙镁全量、钙饱和度、pH、CEC呈显著正相关,而G_2含量则与铁铝全量、游离态及铬合态铁铝呈显著正相关,与钙饱和度、pH等呈显著负相关。G_1/G_2之比还与HA/FA之比呈极显著正相关。可见,胶散复合体的组成和成土条件与土壤性质有关。各组复合体组成及G_1/G_2比值可以作为土壤分类的参考。
In this paper, colloidal dispersion method was used to study the composition, formation factors and combination characteristics of organic mineral complexes in 13 zonal soils from north to south in China. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between total amount of complex (G_0 + G_1 + G_2) and clay content in soil. In the complex type, there was no obvious change in the G0 group, while in the G_1 group, the content was higher in calcareous soil and neutral soil, decreasing gradually from north to south, while that in G_2 was higher in acidic soil North and South are gradually increasing trend, G_1 / G_2 ratio range 025-12.35, decreasing trend from north to south. The results of the correlation analysis between the content of the complex and the soil forming factors, the total amount of the mineral, the composition of the humus and the basic properties of the soil showed that the content of the complex of G 1 and G 2 in the zonal soil also showed a regular zonal distribution. The G_1 / G_2 ratio was significantly and positively correlated with latitude, but negatively correlated with annual mean annual rainfall. There was a significant positive correlation between G_1 and total calcium and magnesium, calcium saturation, pH and CEC, while G_2 There was a significant positive correlation between iron and aluminum contents, free and chromium-coordinated Fe-Al, and negatively correlated with calcium saturation and pH. The ratio of G_1 / G_2 was also significantly and positively correlated with the HA / FA ratio. Can be seen that the composition of the gel cement composite and soil conditions and soil properties. The composition of each group and G 1 / G 2 ratio can be used as a reference for soil classification.