鼻咽癌是一种与EB病毒(EBV)感染密切相关的恶性肿瘤。鼻咽癌在接受现代调强放疗技术为主的综合治疗后，疗效得到进一步提高。提高高危患者和复发/远处转移鼻咽癌(R/M-NPC)患者的疗效成为治疗的主要目标。近年来，免疫治疗在肿瘤治疗领域不断取得进步。随着对EBV抗原及免疫检查点抑制剂的研究，免疫治疗在R/M-NPC治疗中取得了较大进展，免疫治疗联合放化疗将成为初治高危鼻咽癌临床研究的重点。“,”Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant carcinoma that is closely associated with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection. After the comprehensive treatment based on modern intensity-modulated radiation therapy, the oncological outcomes can be further improved. The main target of treatment is to increase the efficacy of patients with high risk and recurrent/metastatic (R/M) NPC. Recently, continuous progress has been made in the application of immunotherapy in the field of cancer treatment. Based on the accumulated knowledge on EBV antigen and immune checkpoint inhibitors, significant progress has been made in use of immunotherapy in treating R/M-NPC. Immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy will become the hot spot in the clinical management of patients with newly-diagnosed high-risk NPC.