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育种的成功基于试验材料中具有可利用的遗传变异,了解种质资源的群体机构及遗传变异范围是作物遗传改良的先决条件。本试验通过利用每3 Mb bin均匀分布于水稻染色体的156个SSR标记子,分析了一组(184个)用于干旱适应性研究的水稻种质资源的遗传相似性及群体结构。结果显示,水稻中确实存在着可供利用的遗传多样性,但也存在着普遍的遗传相似性,如国际水稻所的IR品种及菲律宾国家水稻所的PR及BP水稻品种。通过利用Structure中的混合模型对该184个水稻品种在K=3和K=7时的分析表明,群体结构普遍存在于相同类型或亚种的水稻品种中,籼稻及粳稻品种具有相对明显的群体结构,同一亲本的衍生后代具有显著的遗传相似性和群体结构,不同的群体均存在一定程度的遗传混合。对该组干旱适应性水稻种质资源的遗传相似性及群体结构的研究为今后的抗旱性基因的联合作图,也为合理选择亲本进行水稻抗旱性改良提供了有价值的遗传信息。
Breeding success Based on the available genetic variation in the test material, understanding the germplasm of the population and the extent of genetic variation are prerequisites for crop genetic improvement. In this study, we analyzed the genetic similarity and population structure of a group of 184 germplasm resources for drought tolerance studies using 156 SSR markers evenly distributed in rice chromosomes per 3 Mb bin. The results show that there is indeed a genetic diversity available in rice, but there are also widespread genetic similarities, such as the International Rice IR variety and the Philippine National Rice PR and BP rice varieties. The analysis of the 184 rice cultivars at K = 3 and K = 7 using the mixed model in Structure showed that the population structure was common in rice varieties of the same type or subspecies, and the indica and japonica varieties had relatively distinct populations The results showed that the offspring derived from the same parent had significant genetic similarity and population structure, and some groups had some degree of genetic mixture. The study of genetic similarity and population structure of this group of drought-adapted rice germplasm resources is a joint mapping of future drought-resistance genes and provides valuable genetic information for rational selection of parents for improvement of rice drought resistance.