霉菌具有强烈的分解蛋白质和脂肪的能力,自古以来,被用于酿酒、制酱等,成为人类生活中所必需。近年来抗菌素学的发展,更使霉菌在防病治病方面大放异彩。但在另一方面,因为它的繁殖,常常引起食品质量下降或引起人畜发生食物中毒及真菌病等。在世界上平均每年由于霉变而造成不能食用的谷类约占总量的2%左右。最近十年间发现霉菌不仅在经济上造成很大损失,而且对人类和动物的安全上,也是不容忽视的威胁。1960年在英格兰南部及东部地区,从春到夏仅数月相继死了十万多支火鸡。最初由于原因不明称之为“火鸡X病”。其主要症状是食欲减退、羽翼下垂、发病后昏睡一周左右死亡。死时头向后背脚向后伸呈现一种特殊死象。解剖肉眼所见:肝出血、坏死,肾脏 Molds have a strong ability to break down proteins and fats, and have been used in brewing and making sauce since ancient times, making them necessary for human life. In recent years, the development of antibiotics, but also make mold in the prevention and treatment of disease shine. But on the other hand, because of its multiplication, it often causes the food quality to decline or cause food poisoning and fungal diseases in human beings and animals. In the world each year due to mildew caused by inedible grains account for about 2% of the total. The discovery of mold in the last decade has not only caused great economic losses, but also posed a threat to humans and animals. In 1960, in southern and eastern England, more than 100,000 turkeys died in succession from spring to summer. Originally unknown for what it was called “turkey X disease.” The main symptoms are loss of appetite, sagging wings, drowsiness after the onset of a week or so of death. Dead back to the back of the head stretched back to post a special kind of death. Dissection of the naked eye see: liver hemorrhage, necrosis, kidney