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目的:探讨未通过听力筛查的婴幼儿在不同高危因素下的临床特点及其预后情况。方法:对8 000例接受听力筛查的婴幼儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结导致婴幼儿未通过听力筛查的高危因素,同时根据高危因素不同将未通过听力筛查婴幼儿分为不同高危因素组,对比各组听力特点及经治疗后的预后情况。结果:感染、新生儿黄疸、早产、新生儿窒息、耳聋家族史及先兆流产史均是导致婴幼儿未通过听力筛查的高危因素。感染组以感音性耳聋为主,而新生儿黄疸组、早产组、新生儿窒息组、耳聋家族史组及先兆流产者组在临床特点上比较未见差异。而经干预治疗后各组患儿预后未见明显差异。结论:感染、新生儿黄疸、早产、新生儿窒息、耳聋家族史及先兆流产史为导致婴幼儿出现听力损伤的高危因素,且感染所致者以感音性耳聋为主,且虽经积极治疗预后均较差。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of infants and young children who did not pass the hearing screening under different risk factors. Methods: The clinical data of 8 000 infants undergoing hearing screening were analyzed retrospectively to summarize the high risk factors that infants and young children did not pass the hearing screening. At the same time, different grades of infants and young children who did not pass hearing screening were divided according to different risk factors Risk factors group, comparing the hearing characteristics of each group and prognosis after treatment. Results: Infections, neonatal jaundice, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, deafness family history and threatened abortion were all risk factors for infants and young children failing to pass hearing screening. The infection group was mainly sensory deafness, while there was no difference in the clinical features between neonatal jaundice group, preterm birth group, neonatal asphyxia group, deafness family history group and threatened abortion group. After intervention, the prognosis of each group showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Infection, neonatal jaundice, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, family history of deafness and threatened abortion are the risk factors of hearing impairment in infants and young children. The main cause of sensory deafness is infection, The prognosis is poor.