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要想制造量子计算机,就需要有一种特定类型的硅原子,理想的材料是硅-28。而近日美国的物理学家们已经设计出能够制造纯度比以往传统方法高出40倍的硅-28材料的方法。更加令人兴奋的是,研究人员只需要在实验室中就能完成整个制各过程,而不像10年前那样要依赖于位于俄罗斯圣彼得堡附近一座经过专门改造的巨型钚反应堆生产。制造量子计算机建造量子计算机的几个设计方案都基于硅材料。其中一项受到广泛关注的方案是将“量子位”存储在另一种元素的原子中,如磷,并将这些源自嵌入在一层薄薄的超纯净硅-28层位之上。而
To create a quantum computer, you need a specific type of silicon atom. The ideal material is silicon-28. Recently, however, physicists in the United States have devised ways to make silicon-28 materials 40 times more pure than conventional methods. Even more exciting is that researchers need only complete the process in the lab instead of relying on a purpose-built giant plutonium reactor near St. Petersburg, Russia, 10 years ago. Fabrication Quantum Computers Several designs for building quantum computers are based on silicon materials. One of the most widely watched approaches is to store “qubits ” in atoms of another element, such as phosphorus, and to embed them on a thin layer of ultrapure Si-28 . and