十九世纪末至二十世纪，批判现实主义文学对近、现代西方激速膨胀的物质文明及物欲泛滥进行着严肃的反思，表现了一股向精神文化回归态势。从而在创作方法上与过往的创作传统有所相异：向内转──由追求再现现实的存在形式发展到反映生活内在样式，写出生活的深层真相，表现出 From the late nineteenth century to the twentieth century, critical realism literature carried out serious reflection on the rapid expansion of material civilization and the proliferation of materialism in recent and modern western countries, showing a return to spiritual culture. Thus differs from the traditional creative traditions in the method of creation: inward turn - from the existent form of pursuing the reality of reproduction to the deep truth of reflecting the inner style of life and writing life, showing