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目的了解高职新生心理健康和抑郁情绪的基本状况。方法采用临床症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、抑郁体验问卷(DEQ)测查学生的心理健康和抑郁情绪的基本状况。结果 SCL-90检测出较严重心理问题的学生占21.5%,与国内成人常模比较,高职新生SCL-90在强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性6个因子上显著高于国内成人常模;抑郁自评的测查中,轻度和中度抑郁的人数有262人,占总调查人数的29.7%,重度抑郁16人,占1.8%。结论学校针对高职大学新生的抑郁迫切需要实施危机干预措施,学校应培养学生积极乐观的情绪以快速适应大学生活的需要。
Objective To understand the basic status of mental health and depression in freshmen in vocational college. Methods The SCL-90, SDS and DEQ were used to investigate the mental health and depression of students. Results SCL-90 detected more serious psychological problems accounted for 21.5% of students, compared with the domestic adult norm, higher freshmen SCL-90 in the coercion, depression, anxiety, terror, paranoid, psychotic 6 factors were significantly higher than the domestic Adult norm; depression self-assessment test, mild and moderate depression, there were 262 people, accounting for 29.7% of the total number of investigations, severe depression 16, accounting for 1.8%. Conclusions The school urgently needs to implement crisis interventions for the freshmen in higher vocational colleges. The school should cultivate the positive and optimistic emotions of students so as to adapt quickly to the needs of university life.