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对于西方中世纪的农奴问题,学界一直争议不断,一些学者认为农奴生活贫困潦倒,受封建领主的剥削,在法律上无任何权利可言,生活极其悲惨;但另有一部分学者认为西方农奴的生活没有想象中那么贫困,实际收入情况也较好,因为在西方学者看来,英国的封建制度较为完善,是西欧封建制度的典型,11—13世纪的西欧封建社会处于鼎盛时期,农奴制已成形,但同时期英国的农奴相较于其他西欧各国农奴的地位和状况却有所不同,英国农奴也是最先摆脱了农奴身份走出中世纪的社会阶层,本文将从英国农奴的法律地位和生产生活状况两方面来探究农奴问题,分析出现这种状况的原因。
Academics have been constantly controversial over the problems of serfdom in the Middle Ages. Some scholars think that serfdom is deprived of life. Exploiting the feudal lords has no legal right to speak of and the life is extremely tragic. However, some other scholars think that the life of the Western serfs is not Imagined so poor, the actual income situation is also better, because in the view of Western scholars, the British feudal system is more perfect, is a typical feudal system in Western Europe, the 11th -13th century Western European feudal society in its heyday, serfdom has been formed, At the same time, however, the position and status of serfs in Britain compared with other serfs in other Western European countries varied at the same time. The British serf was the first to get out of the medieval social class as serfdom. This article will analyze the legal status of serfdom in Britain and the conditions of production and life To explore the issue of serfdom, analyze the reasons for this situation.