用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了合肥地区１４４０名献血员抗ＨＣＶ和乙肝五项指标，抗ＨＣＶ阳性率为５５％；ＨＢｓＡｇ携带率为１５％，ＨＢＶ总感染率４３７％。分别以抗ＨＣＶ阳性与感染过ＨＢＶ的献血员为病例，以抗ＨＣＶ阴性与未感染ＨＢＶ的献血员为对照进行了ＨＣＶ和ＨＢＶ感染危险因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果显示，ＡＬＴ、献血次数、献血量、文化程度、献血员心理和输血史与ＨＣＶ感染有关；血型、家庭人口数和家庭子女数与ＨＢＶ感染有关。 The anti- HCV and antiHCV of 1440 blood donors in Hefei area were detected by ELISA. The positive rate of anti  HCV was 5.5%, the rate of HBsAg was 15%, and the total infection rate of HBV was 437%. Respectively, anti- HCV positive and infected with HBV blood donors as a case, anti- HCV negative and non-infected blood donors as controls HCV and HBV infection risk factors by single factor and multivariate analysis. The results showed that ALT, the number of blood donations, blood donation, education level, blood donors’ psychology and the history of blood transfusion were related to HCV infection. The blood type, family population and number of children in the family were related to HBV infection.