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[目的]研究杂交油菜和常规油菜的氮肥需求差异。[方法]通过2个大田试验(试验1氮肥肥效试验,试验2养分吸收累积规律试验)对比研究了杂交油菜(中油杂5628和中油杂7819)和常规油菜(中双10号)的产量和氮肥利用效率差异。[结果]试验1结果表明,杂交油菜中油杂5628和中油杂7819的产量显著高于常规油菜中双10号,在平台产量分别比中双10号高18.7%和20.2%下,相应的氮肥临界用量低9.5%和9.6%。试验2结果表明,相同氮肥(180 kg/hm2)用量下,中油杂5628和中油杂7819的干物质累积和氮素累积能力高于常规油菜中双10号,这种作用在生育后期表现更为明显。[结论]杂种优势使杂交油菜具有更高的籽粒效率和氮肥利用效率,在相对较少的肥料投入下能获得更高的经济效益。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the nitrogen fertilizer requirement difference between hybrid rape and conventional rape. [Method] The yield and nitrogen fertilizer of hybrid rape (Zhongyouza 5628 and Zhongyouza 7819) and conventional rape (Zhongshuang 10) were compared by two field trials (experiment 1 nitrogen fertilizer efficiency test and experiment 2 nutrient absorption accumulation law) Utilization efficiency difference. [Result] The result of experiment 1 showed that the yield of hybrid rape 5684 and Zhongyou 7819 was significantly higher than that of conventional rape Zhongshuang 10, and the corresponding nitrogen fertilization threshold was 18.7% and 20.2% respectively higher than that of Zhongshuang 10, The dosage is low 9.5% and 9.6%. The result of experiment 2 showed that the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation ability of Zhongyouza 5628 and Zhongyouza 7819 were higher than those of the conventional rape Zhongshu 10 at the same nitrogen fertilizer (180 kg / hm2) obvious. [Conclusion] Heterosis could make hybrid rape with higher grain efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency, and obtain higher economic benefit with relatively less fertilizer input.