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原发性阴道癌非常少见，约占女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的1％～2％。由于缺乏大样本前瞻性研究，目前阴道癌的标准治疗模式尚未确立，临床上一般参考宫颈癌和外阴癌的治疗方式，包括手术、放疗、化疗和综合治疗。但阴道癌的治疗方式强调个体化。本文对近年来关于原发性阴道癌治疗的研究进展作一综述，包括腹腔镜在阴道癌手术中的应用、阴道癌术后阴道重建、三维放疗技术及化疗的应用等，以期为阴道癌的治疗选择提供参考。“,”Primary vaginal cancer is very rare, accounting for about 1% to 2% of all neoplasm of the female genitals. Given to its rarity, there is no large sample prospective study, and the standard treatment pattern for primary vaginal cancer is still undefined. The treatment methods, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and comprehensive therapy, refers to the therapy of cervical and vulva cancer. It emphasizes on individualization. This article aims to sum up the related studies of treatment for primary va?ginal cancer in recent years, including the using of laparoscopic technique in vaginal cancer surgery, vagina reconstruction after surgery and the using of three?dimension radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy as to provide reference for the treatment of primary vaginal cancer.