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为探讨焦炉逸散物对作业工人细胞遗传物质的毒性损伤，寻找职业性肺癌的早期监测指标，选择炉顶作业工人167人，炉侧作业工人123人，辅助作业工人27人。每种作业按暴露工龄分为三组。不接触有害物质的作业工人336人为对照组。用微核检测法和单细胞凝胶电泳技术分别对外周血淋巴细胞微核和DNA损伤进行测定。结果显示，炉顶、炉侧作业区组的微核率均高于辅助作业区组和对照组，差异有极显著性（P＜0．01）；炉顶、炉侧11～20年组的＋级损伤与＞20年组的＋＋级损伤均高于对照组，差异有极显著性（P＜0．01），且随着工龄的的延长DNA损伤加重。结果表明，长期接触焦炉逸散物可损伤作业工人的遗传物质DNA，影响工人的健康。提示微核检测法和单细胞凝胶电泳技术相结合作为早期监测指标更好。
In order to find out the toxic injury of coke oven fugitives to the cytogenetic material of workers, we searched for the early monitoring indicators of occupational lung cancer, and selected 167 roof workers, 123 furnace workers and 27 assistant workers. Each job is divided into three groups according to the exposure length of service. 336 workers who did not touch the harmful substances were the control group. Micronuclei and DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes were detected by micronucleus test and single cell gel electrophoresis respectively. The results showed that the micronucleus rate in the top and the furnace side work zone were higher than that in the auxiliary work zone and the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01) + Grade injury and> 20 year group ++ grade injury were higher than the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01), and as the length of service increased DNA damage increased. The results show that long-term exposure to coke oven fugitives can damage workers ’DNA of genetic material and affect workers’ health. Prompted the combination of micronucleus test and single-cell gel electrophoresis as early monitoring indicators better.