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继2000年引入强制诉前法院外调停、2002年引入强制审前和解辩论之后,德国拟在实现法和平的目标指引下再次通过立法促进调解的植根与发展。除了在调解的定义与分类方面带来详尽的规定之外,2011年1月公布的《调解法(政府草案)》对调解程序也进行了相当完善的设计,其基本满足程序保密、当事人自治与自愿、调解员中立与独立且不拥有裁判权限等特征。2011年12月1日,法律委员会提交的《德国调解法(建议稿)》又对调解员的培训与进修作出了详尽规定,并强调:只有满足了培训与进修相关要求的调解员才可使用“认证调解员”的称号。此外,建议稿也删除了政府草案中争议较大的“法院内调解”与“调解法官”的设置,并在引入和解法官的基础上扩大了和解辩论与和解尝试的适用范围。概言之,德国调解法草案在调解的功能与目的、调解格局的建构方面均可为我国提供参考与对照。
Following the introduction of a pretrial compulsory court mediation in 2000 and the introduction of the compulsory pretrial reconciliation debate in 2002, Germany intends to re-enact legislation to promote the rooting and development of mediation, guided by the goal of law and peace. Apart from detailed provisions on the definition and classification of conciliation, the Mediation Act (Government Bill), published in January 2011, also provides a fairly well-designed conciliation process that basically meets the requirements of procedural secrecy, autonomy of parties and Voluntary, mediator neutral and independent and do not have the referee and other characteristics. On December 1, 2011, the German Conciliation Act (DR), submitted by the Law Commission, provided detailed provisions on the training and further training of mediators. It emphasized that only mediators who meet the requirements of training and further training may apply “Certified Mediator ” title. In addition, the draft proposal also deleted the controversial “controversial” and “mediation judges” in the draft government and expanded the scope of the reconciliation debate and reconciliation trial on the introduction of reconciliation judges. In summary, the draft German Mediation Act can provide reference and contrast for our country in terms of the function and purpose of conciliation and the construction of the mediation pattern.