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1. Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. (P3)
【考点1】 whatever 的用法
【归纳】 whatever conj.引导让步状语从句或名词性从句,“无论什么”,引导让步状语从句时可以与no matter what 替换;引导名词性从句时,不可用no matter what 替换,whatever = anything that。它在从句中作主语、定语、表语和宾语等。
【高考链接】
(1) She is very dear to us. We have beenprepared to do_______it takes to saveher life.(2009湖南)
A. whicheverB. however
C. whateverD. whoever
(2) The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and T-hirt_______the season.(2008全国Ⅰ)
A. whateverB. wherever
C. whenever D. however
Keys: C A
(3) _______(任何计划好了的事)is sure tochange as one puts it into practice. (whatever)(2009湖北)
Keys: Whatever one has planned /
Whatever has been planned
【考点2】 “介词in + 抽象名词”短语的用法
【归纳】 “介词in + 抽象名词”用来表示“处于……状态中”, in store存储备用,即将到来,等待着,准备着; in turn反过来; in
need需要;in preparation准备; in place在适当的位置; in sight在视力所及范围之内; in effect实际上; in vain徒劳
【高考链接】
(1) His efforts to raise money for his programwere_______because no one showed anyintention to take a cent out of their pock- ets.(2009湖北)
A. in placeB. in sight
C. in effectD. in vain
(2) When she first arrived in China, she won-dered what the future might have______for her, but now all her worries are gone.(2008湖北)
A. in need B. in time
C. in preparationD. in store
(3) People try to avoid public transportationdelays by using their own cars, and this_______creates further problems.(2007湖北)
A. in short B. in case
C. in doubtD. in turn
Keys: D D D
2. Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-ech industry. (P3)
3. Dr Aronnax, his servant and a Canadian whale hunter set out to find the monster. (P11)
【考点1】 set构成的短语;
【归纳】 set up 建立;开办;建造;树立;搭起 set about开始,着手 set down记下;放下 set off出发;启程 set out出发;开始set aside留出; 拨出;把……置于一旁
【高考链接】
(1) For all these years I have been workingfor others. I’m hoping I’ll______my ownbusiness someday. (2006江西)
A. turn upB. fix up
C. set upD. make up
(2) Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much thathe_______his own work and translated itinto German .(2008山东)
A. gave off B. turned down
C. took overD. set aside
Keys: C D
【考点2】 动词 + up的短语
【归纳】 动词 + up的短语有:break up拆散;分开;分解;破裂 finish up完成;吃光;杀光;毁掉 divide up 瓜分;分配close up 靠近;愈合;关闭hang up 挂断电话give up放弃 hold up支撑;耽搁bring up抚养;培养;养育;增强;建立 build up抚养;呕吐 pull up阻止;拔起use up用光;用尽 send up 发射fill up填充lift up举起 go up上升;上涨 grow up成长 turn up 调大;出现;发现;找到;证明是 fix up修补;解决;治愈 make up组成;弥补;编;虚构;整理 put up举起;建造;搭起;张贴;上演 take up 拿走;着手;开始;吸收;占去;采取show up揭穿;揭露;露出;显出 pick up捡起;学会;收听到;车中途带人;恢复健康;整理 save up储蓄;省出
【高考链接】
(1) — I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Poul have________.
— So am I. They seemed very happytogether when I last saw them.(2009江苏)
A. broken upB. finished up
C. divided upD. closed up
(2) — Sorry, I have to_______now.It’s timefor class.
— OK, I’ll call back later. (2009天津)
A. hang upB. break up
C. give up D. hold up
(3) Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only _______one’s strengh, but also develop one’s character. (2009浙江)
A. bring up B. take up
C. build up D. pull up
(4) We tried to find a table for seven, butthey were all_______. (2009安徽)
A. given awayB. kept away
C. taken up D. used up
(5) A notice was_______in order to remindthe students of the changed lecture time. (2009陕西)
A. sent up B. given up
C. set upD. put up
(6) After studying in a medicine college forfive years, Jane_______her job as a doc- tor in the countryside. (全国Ⅰ)
A. set out B. took over
C. took upD. set up
(7) American Indians_______about five per-cent of the U.S. population.(2008浙江)
A. fill upB. bring up
C. make up D. set up
(8) — Do you think that housing price will keep_______in the years to come?
— Sorry,I have no idea. (2007江苏)
A. lifting upB. going up
C. bringing upD. growing up
(9) She_________Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (2006福建)
A. picked outB. made out
C. made up D. picked up
Keys: 1-5A A C C D
6-9C C B D
4. When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. (P3)
5. Two men decided to go on this adventure and travel to Iceland, where they enter the earth through a chimney in a dead volcano. (P12)
【考点1】 where的用法
【归纳】 where作关系副词引导定语从句,它的先行词是point; situation; case; stage等表示地点或地方的名词,有时和“介词 + which”替换,介词与先行词搭配;作连接副词,引导地点状语从句,前面没有表示地点或地方的名词。
【高考链接】
(1) The little girl who got lost decided to re-main________she was and waited for her mother. (2009山东)
A. where B. whatC. howD. who
(2) It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differ-ently. (2009福建)
A. that B. whenC. whichD. where
(3) — What do you think of teaching, Bob?
— I find it fun and challenging. It is ajob________you are doing somethingserious but interesting. (2009北京)
A. where B. which C. when D. that
(4) Life is like a long race________we com-pete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009重庆)
A. why B. what C. thatD. where
(5) By nine o’clock,all the Olympic torchbearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ________ appeared a rarerainbow soon. (2008福建)
A. of which B. on which
C. from whichD. above which
Keys: 1-5 ADADD
(6) The city ________(我成长的)is veryhot and damp in summer. (grow) (完成 句子2008湖北)
Keys: in which / where I grow up
【考点2】what的用法
【归纳】 what作关系代词,意思相当于the thing(s) that / which,译为“所……的”,引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句,并在从句中充当句子成分。注意此时它的前面不能再出现名词,不要与that引导的定语从句弄混淆, that引导的定语从句前面要有被修饰的先行词。
6. The big cellphone company has achieved its goal of setting up ten production bases in China. (P5)
【考点】 achieve的用法
【归纳】 achieve v. 获得成功;实现;达到。构成短语: achieve one’s goal / aim /
purpose达到目的
【高考链接】
(1) Lucy has________all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenge at university. (2007天津)
A. acquiredB. finished
C. concludedD. achieved
(2) Although medical science________con-trol over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. (2006江苏)
A. achieved B. has achieved
C. will achieve D. had achieved
Keys: D B
7. To make a living, Verne had to write and sell stories. (P11)
【考点】 make a living谋生
【归纳】 make + 名词的短语 = 与名词意义相同的动词,例如:make a choice = choose选择; make a promise = promise(动词)许诺; make a contribution = contribute贡献; make a decision= decide决定; make a guess = guess (动词)猜测; make a discovery = discover发现; make a prediction = predict预测; make an answer = answer回答; make an agreement = agree达成协议; make a breakthrough = break through取得突破; make an arrangement = arrange整理;做安排
【高考链接】
(1) You have to________a choice. Are yougoing to leave the job or stay?(2008四川)
A. decide B. getC. do D. make
(2) The young man made a ________to hisparents that he would try to earn his ownliving after graduation. (2008湖北)
A. predictionB. promise
C. plan D. contribution
Keys: DB
8. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of monster itself,which turns out to be a submarine. (P12)
【考点】 turn out to be的用法
【归纳】 turn out to be结果是;最后情况是;原来是;证明是。to be常常省略,例如: The weather turned out(to be) fine again.
It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.
Her illness turned out not to be serious.
turn out还有其他的意思:关掉;赶走;生产;培养出。动词turn 构成的短语还有turn down关小;调低;拒绝;turn in交回;上交 turn into把……变成 turn off关掉;避开;失去兴趣 turn on打开;依靠 turn over翻倒;反复考虑;移交turn to 求助于;翻到;转向turn up被找到;发现;出现;来到;到达
【高考链接】
(1) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.(2004浙江)
A. make outB. turn out
C. go on D. come up
(2) —What are you reading, Tom?
— I’m not really reading, just________ the pages. (2008全国Ⅱ)
A. turning off B. turning around
C. turning over D. turning up
(3) She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to________. (2007重庆)
A. turn to B. look for
C. deal withD. talk about
Keys:B C A
9. I doubted at first whether I should try to create a being like myself, or one of simpler organisation. (P15)
【考点】 whether的用法
【归纳】 whether conj. 引导名词从句,“是否”,与if是否在引导动词后的宾语从句中可以替换,在口语中可以省略。在其他情况用只用whether, 不用if替换:引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;介词后的宾语从句;动词discuss / decide等后的宾语从句;带to的不定式连用;提出两种选择时,常与or / or not成对使用;引导让步状语从句,翻译为“不管 / 不论……是否;不管……还是”。
【高考链接】
(1) At first he hated the new job but decidedto give himself a few months to see________it got any better. (2009北京)
A. when B. howC. whyD. if
(2) He told us whether________a picnic was still under discussion. (2009四川)
A. to have B. having
C. have D. had
(3) It is not immediately clear________the financial crisis will soon be over.(2009上海)
A. sinceB. what
C. whenD. whether
Keys: 1-5 DAD
(4) ________(他是否出过国)doesn’t makemuch difference. (he, abroad)(完成句子2007湖北)
Key: Whether he has been abroad or not
10. I collected my instruments around me, with which I would light the flame of life in the dead thing that lay at my feet. (P15)
【考点】 介词 + 关系代词的用法
【归纳】 “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句,此时关系代词常用whom先行词指人 / which先行词指物。选择介词时要考虑与先行词搭配,与定语从句中谓语的动词或从句中的形容词搭配,看是否构成固定短语搭配,是否符合前后语境,是否构成前后所属关系、整体与部分关系、同位关系等。
【高考链接】
(1) She brought with her three friends, noneof ________ I had ever met before.(2009全国Ⅰ)
A. them B. who C. whomD. these
(2) The house I grew up ________ has beentaken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西)
A. in it B. in
C. in thatD. in which
(3) Gun control is a subject________Ameri-cans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西)
A. of whichB. with which
C. about which D. into which
(4) We went through a period________com-munications were very difficult in the ru-ral areas. (2008上海)
A. which B. whose
C. in whichD. with which
(5) For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further, ________New York is an example. (2008四川)
A. for which B. in which
C. of whichD. from which
Keys:1-5 CBCCC
(6) Learning strategies, to________(老师们 认为)importance, have not yet drawn e- nough attention of students.(attach) (完成句子 2009湖北)
Key: which (the) teachers attach / have attached
【考点1】 whatever 的用法
【归纳】 whatever conj.引导让步状语从句或名词性从句,“无论什么”,引导让步状语从句时可以与no matter what 替换;引导名词性从句时,不可用no matter what 替换,whatever = anything that。它在从句中作主语、定语、表语和宾语等。
【高考链接】
(1) She is very dear to us. We have beenprepared to do_______it takes to saveher life.(2009湖南)
A. whicheverB. however
C. whateverD. whoever
(2) The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and T-hirt_______the season.(2008全国Ⅰ)
A. whateverB. wherever
C. whenever D. however
Keys: C A
(3) _______(任何计划好了的事)is sure tochange as one puts it into practice. (whatever)(2009湖北)
Keys: Whatever one has planned /
Whatever has been planned
【考点2】 “介词in + 抽象名词”短语的用法
【归纳】 “介词in + 抽象名词”用来表示“处于……状态中”, in store存储备用,即将到来,等待着,准备着; in turn反过来; in
need需要;in preparation准备; in place在适当的位置; in sight在视力所及范围之内; in effect实际上; in vain徒劳
【高考链接】
(1) His efforts to raise money for his programwere_______because no one showed anyintention to take a cent out of their pock- ets.(2009湖北)
A. in placeB. in sight
C. in effectD. in vain
(2) When she first arrived in China, she won-dered what the future might have______for her, but now all her worries are gone.(2008湖北)
A. in need B. in time
C. in preparationD. in store
(3) People try to avoid public transportationdelays by using their own cars, and this_______creates further problems.(2007湖北)
A. in short B. in case
C. in doubtD. in turn
Keys: D D D
2. Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-ech industry. (P3)
3. Dr Aronnax, his servant and a Canadian whale hunter set out to find the monster. (P11)
【考点1】 set构成的短语;
【归纳】 set up 建立;开办;建造;树立;搭起 set about开始,着手 set down记下;放下 set off出发;启程 set out出发;开始set aside留出; 拨出;把……置于一旁
【高考链接】
(1) For all these years I have been workingfor others. I’m hoping I’ll______my ownbusiness someday. (2006江西)
A. turn upB. fix up
C. set upD. make up
(2) Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much thathe_______his own work and translated itinto German .(2008山东)
A. gave off B. turned down
C. took overD. set aside
Keys: C D
【考点2】 动词 + up的短语
【归纳】 动词 + up的短语有:break up拆散;分开;分解;破裂 finish up完成;吃光;杀光;毁掉 divide up 瓜分;分配close up 靠近;愈合;关闭hang up 挂断电话give up放弃 hold up支撑;耽搁bring up抚养;培养;养育;增强;建立 build up抚养;呕吐 pull up阻止;拔起use up用光;用尽 send up 发射fill up填充lift up举起 go up上升;上涨 grow up成长 turn up 调大;出现;发现;找到;证明是 fix up修补;解决;治愈 make up组成;弥补;编;虚构;整理 put up举起;建造;搭起;张贴;上演 take up 拿走;着手;开始;吸收;占去;采取show up揭穿;揭露;露出;显出 pick up捡起;学会;收听到;车中途带人;恢复健康;整理 save up储蓄;省出
【高考链接】
(1) — I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Poul have________.
— So am I. They seemed very happytogether when I last saw them.(2009江苏)
A. broken upB. finished up
C. divided upD. closed up
(2) — Sorry, I have to_______now.It’s timefor class.
— OK, I’ll call back later. (2009天津)
A. hang upB. break up
C. give up D. hold up
(3) Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only _______one’s strengh, but also develop one’s character. (2009浙江)
A. bring up B. take up
C. build up D. pull up
(4) We tried to find a table for seven, butthey were all_______. (2009安徽)
A. given awayB. kept away
C. taken up D. used up
(5) A notice was_______in order to remindthe students of the changed lecture time. (2009陕西)
A. sent up B. given up
C. set upD. put up
(6) After studying in a medicine college forfive years, Jane_______her job as a doc- tor in the countryside. (全国Ⅰ)
A. set out B. took over
C. took upD. set up
(7) American Indians_______about five per-cent of the U.S. population.(2008浙江)
A. fill upB. bring up
C. make up D. set up
(8) — Do you think that housing price will keep_______in the years to come?
— Sorry,I have no idea. (2007江苏)
A. lifting upB. going up
C. bringing upD. growing up
(9) She_________Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (2006福建)
A. picked outB. made out
C. made up D. picked up
Keys: 1-5A A C C D
6-9C C B D
4. When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. (P3)
5. Two men decided to go on this adventure and travel to Iceland, where they enter the earth through a chimney in a dead volcano. (P12)
【考点1】 where的用法
【归纳】 where作关系副词引导定语从句,它的先行词是point; situation; case; stage等表示地点或地方的名词,有时和“介词 + which”替换,介词与先行词搭配;作连接副词,引导地点状语从句,前面没有表示地点或地方的名词。
【高考链接】
(1) The little girl who got lost decided to re-main________she was and waited for her mother. (2009山东)
A. where B. whatC. howD. who
(2) It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differ-ently. (2009福建)
A. that B. whenC. whichD. where
(3) — What do you think of teaching, Bob?
— I find it fun and challenging. It is ajob________you are doing somethingserious but interesting. (2009北京)
A. where B. which C. when D. that
(4) Life is like a long race________we com-pete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009重庆)
A. why B. what C. thatD. where
(5) By nine o’clock,all the Olympic torchbearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ________ appeared a rarerainbow soon. (2008福建)
A. of which B. on which
C. from whichD. above which
Keys: 1-5 ADADD
(6) The city ________(我成长的)is veryhot and damp in summer. (grow) (完成 句子2008湖北)
Keys: in which / where I grow up
【考点2】what的用法
【归纳】 what作关系代词,意思相当于the thing(s) that / which,译为“所……的”,引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句,并在从句中充当句子成分。注意此时它的前面不能再出现名词,不要与that引导的定语从句弄混淆, that引导的定语从句前面要有被修饰的先行词。
6. The big cellphone company has achieved its goal of setting up ten production bases in China. (P5)
【考点】 achieve的用法
【归纳】 achieve v. 获得成功;实现;达到。构成短语: achieve one’s goal / aim /
purpose达到目的
【高考链接】
(1) Lucy has________all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenge at university. (2007天津)
A. acquiredB. finished
C. concludedD. achieved
(2) Although medical science________con-trol over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. (2006江苏)
A. achieved B. has achieved
C. will achieve D. had achieved
Keys: D B
7. To make a living, Verne had to write and sell stories. (P11)
【考点】 make a living谋生
【归纳】 make + 名词的短语 = 与名词意义相同的动词,例如:make a choice = choose选择; make a promise = promise(动词)许诺; make a contribution = contribute贡献; make a decision= decide决定; make a guess = guess (动词)猜测; make a discovery = discover发现; make a prediction = predict预测; make an answer = answer回答; make an agreement = agree达成协议; make a breakthrough = break through取得突破; make an arrangement = arrange整理;做安排
【高考链接】
(1) You have to________a choice. Are yougoing to leave the job or stay?(2008四川)
A. decide B. getC. do D. make
(2) The young man made a ________to hisparents that he would try to earn his ownliving after graduation. (2008湖北)
A. predictionB. promise
C. plan D. contribution
Keys: DB
8. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of monster itself,which turns out to be a submarine. (P12)
【考点】 turn out to be的用法
【归纳】 turn out to be结果是;最后情况是;原来是;证明是。to be常常省略,例如: The weather turned out(to be) fine again.
It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.
Her illness turned out not to be serious.
turn out还有其他的意思:关掉;赶走;生产;培养出。动词turn 构成的短语还有turn down关小;调低;拒绝;turn in交回;上交 turn into把……变成 turn off关掉;避开;失去兴趣 turn on打开;依靠 turn over翻倒;反复考虑;移交turn to 求助于;翻到;转向turn up被找到;发现;出现;来到;到达
【高考链接】
(1) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.(2004浙江)
A. make outB. turn out
C. go on D. come up
(2) —What are you reading, Tom?
— I’m not really reading, just________ the pages. (2008全国Ⅱ)
A. turning off B. turning around
C. turning over D. turning up
(3) She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to________. (2007重庆)
A. turn to B. look for
C. deal withD. talk about
Keys:B C A
9. I doubted at first whether I should try to create a being like myself, or one of simpler organisation. (P15)
【考点】 whether的用法
【归纳】 whether conj. 引导名词从句,“是否”,与if是否在引导动词后的宾语从句中可以替换,在口语中可以省略。在其他情况用只用whether, 不用if替换:引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;介词后的宾语从句;动词discuss / decide等后的宾语从句;带to的不定式连用;提出两种选择时,常与or / or not成对使用;引导让步状语从句,翻译为“不管 / 不论……是否;不管……还是”。
【高考链接】
(1) At first he hated the new job but decidedto give himself a few months to see________it got any better. (2009北京)
A. when B. howC. whyD. if
(2) He told us whether________a picnic was still under discussion. (2009四川)
A. to have B. having
C. have D. had
(3) It is not immediately clear________the financial crisis will soon be over.(2009上海)
A. sinceB. what
C. whenD. whether
Keys: 1-5 DAD
(4) ________(他是否出过国)doesn’t makemuch difference. (he, abroad)(完成句子2007湖北)
Key: Whether he has been abroad or not
10. I collected my instruments around me, with which I would light the flame of life in the dead thing that lay at my feet. (P15)
【考点】 介词 + 关系代词的用法
【归纳】 “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句,此时关系代词常用whom先行词指人 / which先行词指物。选择介词时要考虑与先行词搭配,与定语从句中谓语的动词或从句中的形容词搭配,看是否构成固定短语搭配,是否符合前后语境,是否构成前后所属关系、整体与部分关系、同位关系等。
【高考链接】
(1) She brought with her three friends, noneof ________ I had ever met before.(2009全国Ⅰ)
A. them B. who C. whomD. these
(2) The house I grew up ________ has beentaken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西)
A. in it B. in
C. in thatD. in which
(3) Gun control is a subject________Ameri-cans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西)
A. of whichB. with which
C. about which D. into which
(4) We went through a period________com-munications were very difficult in the ru-ral areas. (2008上海)
A. which B. whose
C. in whichD. with which
(5) For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further, ________New York is an example. (2008四川)
A. for which B. in which
C. of whichD. from which
Keys:1-5 CBCCC
(6) Learning strategies, to________(老师们 认为)importance, have not yet drawn e- nough attention of students.(attach) (完成句子 2009湖北)
Key: which (the) teachers attach / have attached