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目的调查2008—2015年天台县儿童疫苗接种率情况,为调整免疫策略和政策提供依据。方法收集并分析2008—2015年天台县以乡为单位按整群抽样法抽取的4 208名1~7岁儿童基础免疫、加强免疫及第二类疫苗接种情况。结果 8年累计调查505个行政村的4 208名儿童,脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)、百白破、卡介苗、麻疹及乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)单苗每年接种合格率均达99%以上;“五苗”全程接种合格率每年均达98%以上。麻疹、脊灰、百白破疫苗的加强免疫接种率,流行性乙型脑炎、流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗的基础免疫和加强免疫接种率均呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05);水痘、B型流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎和轮状病毒疫苗等第二类疫苗年均接种率虽均低于80%,但也均呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论天台县8年来第一类疫苗加强免疫、第二类疫苗接种率在逐年上升,但第二类疫苗接种率总体水平不高。今后应进一步在政策、管理和宣传方面采取相关措施,提高接种率。
Objective To investigate the vaccination rate of children in Tiantai County from 2008 to 2015 and provide the basis for adjusting immunization strategies and policies. The method of collecting and analyzing 2008--2015 Nian Tiantai County township in units of cluster sampling method 4 208 1-7 years old children basic immunization, booster vaccination and the second category. 8-year cumulative results of the survey 4208 Children 505 administrative villages, poliomyelitis (polio), DPT, BCG, measles and hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination single seedlings each year pass rate of more than 99% ; “Five seedlings” throughout the vaccination pass rate reached more than 98% each year. Measles, polio, diphtheria booster vaccination rate, Japanese encephalitis, epidemic meningitis vaccine basic immunization and booster immunization rates showed an upward trend year by year (P <0.05); chickenpox, Although the annual average vaccination rates of the second type of vaccine such as Haemophilus influenzae type B, pneumonia and rotavirus were both lower than 80%, they also showed an increasing trend year by year (P <0.05). Conclusion The first type of vaccine was boosted in Tiantai County in the past eight years. The second type vaccination rate was increasing year by year. However, the overall level of the second type vaccination rate was not high. In the future, relevant measures should be further taken in policies, management and publicity to raise the vaccination rate.