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一、什么是理想模型 物理学研究的对象是自然界中最普遍的物质运动现象。物质运动的表现形式和特征千姿百态、千变万化。物质运动变化过程中往往要受到其自身和周围环境中其它各种因素的影响或制约,而在研究实际问题时,如果不加分析地把所有复杂因素全部考虑进去,那么势必增加研究问题的难度,甚至无法研究。因此,物理研究中为了描述物质及其运动规律,常将研究对象加以抽象,保留对所研究问题起决定影响的主要因素,
1. What is the ideal model? The object of physics research is the most common phenomenon of matter movement in nature. The manifestations and characteristics of material movements are varied and ever-changing. The process of material movement is often influenced or constrained by itself and other factors in the surrounding environment. When studying practical problems, if all the complex factors are taken into account without analysis, it is bound to increase the difficulty of the research. It can’t even be studied. Therefore, in order to describe the laws of matter and its movement, physical research often abstracts the research object and retains the main factors that influence the decision of the research issue.