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浙北平原是我省重要的产粮区,实行麦、稻、稻三熟制。麦类赤霉病是一种流行性病害,1954—1977年24年中,重病5年,中病12年,轻病7年,中、重病年占70％以上,严重影响春粮的稳产高产。麦类赤霉病的流行程度,受各种因子的影响,气象因子尤其重要,有人称此为“气象型病害”。气象因子一方面影响病菌的转移、繁殖和越冬,即影响菌量,另一方面影响大小麦抽穗至灌浆初期病菌的侵染。我们分析了秋、冬气象条件与赤霉病流行程度的关系,以农谚为线索,并应用数理统计的方法,来制作麦类赤霉病预报,效果较好。 秋、冬气象条件与麦类赤霉病流行 我省广为流传的农谚:“烂田种麦,有草无麦”,“烂冬油菜,燥冬麦”。所谓“烂田”、“烂冬”分别指秋季和冬季雨水过多。
North Zhejiang Plain is an important grain-producing area in our province, the implementation of wheat, rice, rice, three cooked. Wheat scab belongs to a epidemic disease. In 1954-1977, it was seriously ill for 5 years of severe illness, 12 years of illness, 7 years of mild disease and 70% of moderate or serious illness, which seriously affected the stable and high yield of spring wheat . The prevalence of scab in wheat is affected by various factors and meteorological factors are particularly important. Some people call this “meteorological disease.” Meteorological factors on the one hand affect the transfer of bacteria, breeding and wintering, that affect the amount of bacteria, on the other hand affect the wheat ear to grain filling early germ infection. We analyzed the autumn and winter weather conditions and the prevalence of scab in the relationship between the degree, the use of agricultural proverbs as a clue, and the use of mathematical statistics to produce wheat scab forecast, the effect is better. Autumn and winter weather conditions and wheat scab epidemics widespread in our province farming proverb: “rotten fields of wheat, grass-free wheat,” “rotten winter rape, dry winter wheat.” The so-called “rotten fields” and “rotten winter” refer to too much rain in autumn and winter, respectively.