传统的植物栽培法受天气、季节和土壤等诸因素的影响较大,产量的增长较慢或不稳定。1929年美国加利福尼亚大学W.F.Gericke教授用无土栽培法,栽培出一株采果14公斤的西红柿,引起了各国的普遍重视,先后进行广泛研究,现在有100多个国家在蔬菜和花卉等作物上进行了大面积生产。目前,无土栽培方式以基质培和水培为主。基培质是把作物根系固定于固体基质(砂砾、锯末、砻糠、草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石 The traditional method of plant cultivation is greatly affected by various factors such as the weather, the seasons and the soil, and the growth of output is slow or unstable. In 1929, Prof. WF Gericke, University of California, USA, used soilless culture to cultivate 14 kilograms of tomatoes with fruit picking, arousing the universal attention of all countries. He studied extensively successively and now there are more than 100 countries on crops such as vegetables and flowers. Conducted a large area production. At present, soil-based cultivation methods to medium-based culture and hydroponics. The base material is fixed to the solid substrate of the crop (gravel, sawdust, bran, peat, perlite, vermiculite