目的研究氟化钠诱导小鼠肝细胞核的分子损伤。方法 32只SPF级纯种昆明小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分成4组。对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,低、中、高浓度组分别腹腔注射2、8和32 mg/kg·bw·d氟化钠染毒,1次/d,14 d后处死动物,检测小鼠骨髓细胞微核率,并用ATR-FTIR检测肝细胞核生物分子变化。结果小鼠骨髓细胞微核率随染氟浓度的增高而升高。红外光谱分析显示各染氟组吸收峰降低,在900~1 148 cm波段对照组吸光度(A)值>低浓度组>中浓度组>高浓度组。与对照组比较,高浓度组蛋白磷酸化、糖原、DNA、酰胺酶Ⅱ和酰胺酶Ⅰ结构或水平改变有统计学意义(P<0.05)。主成分分析显示:与对照组比较,高浓度组差异以第1主成分为主,低浓度组差异以第2主成分为主。第1主成分中,低、中、高浓度组蛋白磷酸化(988/cm、940/cm)、糖原(988/cm、940/cm)、DNA(1 061/cm、1 065/cm、1 070/cm、1 121/cm)和对称性磷酸盐(1 080/cm)的结构或水平均改变,且低浓度组改变<中浓度组<高浓度组,高浓度组改变有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第2主成分中,低、中、高浓度组酰胺酶Ⅱ(1 545/cm、1 585/cm、1 490/cm)和酰胺酶Ⅰ(1 650/cm、1 630/cm、1 665/cm)的结构或水平均改变,高浓度组改变有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论氟具有潜在的遗传毒性,可能是一种环境致癌物。ATR-FTIR有望作为低环境污染物引起遗传物质损伤的早期检测方法。 Objective To study the molecular damage induced by sodium fluoride in liver cell nuclei of mice. Methods Thirty-two SPF pure Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. The low, middle and high concentration groups were intraperitoneally injected with sodium fluoride at 2, 8 and 32 mg / kg · bw · d for 1 d. The animals were sacrificed 14 days later, The micronucleus rate of the cells was measured. ATR-FTIR was used to detect the change of hepatocyte nuclear biomolecules. Results The micronucleus rate of mouse bone marrow cells increased with the increase of fluoride concentration. The results of FTIR showed that the absorption peak of each fluorine group decreased, and the absorbance (A) value of control group was lower than that of medium concentration group> high concentration group at 900-1 148 cm. Compared with the control group, the histone phosphorylation, glycogen, DNA, amidase Ⅱ and amidase Ⅰ in high concentration group had statistical significance (P <0.05). The principal component analysis showed that the first major component was the difference between the high concentration group and the second major component among the low concentration group compared with the control group. In the first major component, phosphorylation of 988 / cm, 940 / cm, glycogen (988 / cm, 940 / cm), DNA (1061 / 1 070 / cm, 1 121 / cm) and symmetrical phosphate (1 080 / cm) were all changed, and the concentration of low concentration group changed