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目的了解沈阳市流感流行状况及毒株的型别分布,分析流行趋势,为防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对哨点医院2011—2012年流感样病例(ILI)资料和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2011年报告ILI 46247例,ILI%为2.2%;2012年报告ILI 74 519例,ILI%为3.5%;病例主要集中在0~14岁年龄组,2011和2012年分别占63.4%和72.4%;发病季节以冬春为主。2011年和2012年流感病毒分离阳性率分别为3.2%和7.4%;2011年分离到27株流感毒株,以B型流感毒株为主,占74.1%;2012年分离到72株流感毒株,以B型流感毒株为主,占98.6%。结论沈阳市流感流行呈冬春季高峰,流行优势毒株随季节变化而出现差异,2011年2月至2012年流行毒株由新甲型H1N1型转变成B型。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of influenza in Shenyang and the type distribution of strains, analyze the epidemic trends and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of influenza-like illness (ILI) and the results of pathogenic tests in sentinel hospitals from 2011 to 2012. Results ILI 46247 cases were reported in 2011 with an ILI% of 2.2%. In 2012, 519 ILI cases were reported with an ILI% of 3.5%. Cases were mainly in the 0-14 age group, accounting for 63.4% and 72.4% respectively in 2011 and 2012 The onset season is dominated by winter and spring. In 2011 and 2012, the positive rate of influenza virus isolation was 3.2% and 7.4% respectively. In 2011, 27 influenza strains were isolated, accounting for 74.1% of the total, and 72 strains of influenza viruses were isolated in 2012 , Mainly influenza B strains, accounting for 98.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Shenyang showed a peak in winter and spring, and the prevalence of the epidemic strains varied with the seasons. From February 2011 to 2012, the epidemic strains changed from the new type A H1N1 to the type B.